Where did covid come from?

KASH PATEL: “Gina Haspel as Director of the CIA authorized six case officers to be paid off … to lie to the world where COVID came from because it fit the narrative that Fauci and the media wanted out there.”

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The media is lying

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An international conspiracy?

The Covid-19 vaccines are now documented to have two very different clusters of adverse effects resulting from entirely different microbiology.  (1) The S or spike protein produced by the patient’s own cells from the mRNA which was introduced into human cells by the Covid-19 vaccine and booster injection results in inflammation and clotting in almost all human and animal tissues examined.  This severe inflammation from spike protein produced by mRNA injection was known to occur in rats more than 10 years before the covid “pandemic” (to my knowledge).  (2) The monkey virus DNA found in the Pfizer and Moderna Covid-19 mRNA vaccines and diseased tissues of C-19-vaccinated humans by Kevin McKernan and confirmed by David Speicher comes from monkey virus plasmid which is used in the process pharma uses to produce the mRNA vaccines.  This monkey virus DNA is a residual contaminate in the vaccines and can be incorporated into the nucleus of human and animal cells possibly resulting in mutations, cancers and potentially long-term changes in human and animal genomes.  The patented lipid nano particles that the pharma companies use to encapsulate and protect the mRNA active ingredient from degradation in the body also protects the monkey virus DNA contaminant and enables circulation into any cell of the body including passing through the blood brain barrier.  The protein, mRNA and DNA sequences are non-human and non-corona virus and found by sequencing samples from tissues in autopsies and biopsies of cancers. 

The discovery and confirmation by McKernan and Speicher were confirmed again by another lab.  The paper is published in Science.  The risk to billions of humans who have been injected with simian virus DNA is far higher and more worthy of immediate funding and study than the continuing futile and expensive climate change fiasco.  Would you agree?

The paper in the journal Science:   https://publichealthpolicyjournal.com/biontech-rna-based-covid-19-injections-contain-large-amounts-of-residual-dna-including-an-sv40-promoter-enhancer-sequence/

Dr. Reiner Fuellmich lays out the covid conspiracy: https://budbromley.blog/2023/06/14/dr-reiner-fuellmich-and-glenn-beck-have-had-it-with-the-global-corruption-underway-today/

Dr. David Martin lays it out for the EU Parliament: https://budbromley.blog/2024/11/25/dr-david-martins-speech-at-eu-parliament/

The Hague court (ICJ) should be investigating the Covid scam, including the illicit arrest, extradition from Mexico to Germany, jailing and absence of due process in Germany of German-American lawyer Dr Reiner Fuellmich who was aggressively pursuing covid crimes.  See https://Fuellmich.com   Fuellmich has already interviewed hundreds for his Covid case, including for example Dr. David Martin.  Perhaps the ICJ is involved?  Obviously, UN is heavily involved as is WHO.  ICJ is pursuing a climate change case which has no or trivial scientific merit.  https://rclutz.com/2024/12/07/false-premises-for-hague-climate-reparations-hearing/#like-38667

The increasing recent hysteria on the AGW scam, e.g. John Kerry et al, is a diversion of public mindshare (not to mention billions of dollars) from the massive COVID crimes against humanity which are far more serious, scientifically justifiable, and ripe for legal investigation.  

Conspiracy anyone?

Does a pardon by a U.S. president exempt alleged criminals (e.g., Fauci et al) from prosecution by other nations or by ICJ?  The relationships between ICJ and the UN and WHO are problematically conflicted. 

I suspect and hope that we will learn much more about this during the Trump administration.  All cause death rates are still increasing among the vaccinated, but not the unvaccinated.  As of today, CDC, FDA, Medicare and medical insurance programs and pharmacies and similar in most countries are still pushing these deadly dangerous vaccines.  I heard advertisements today on the car radio.   

Aloha and Merry Christmas,

Bud Bromley

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Explosion of cancer rates after Covid jabs

Australian Medical Icon Breaks Down in Tears During Debate with Government Officials Over COVID-19 Vaccine Catastrophe_”The Most Uncontrolled Experimentation Ever on Humankind”

Professor Ian Brighthope

His bio: https://isom.ca/profile/ian-brighthope/

Below is an interview by Dr. John Campbell with Dr. David Speicher regarding the DNA contamination which is in the lipid nanoparticles in the Pfizer and Moderna mRNA Covid-19 vaccines.

Below is a comprehensive answer about Dr. David Speicher and his research on DNA contamination in COVID-19 vaccines:

Dr. David J. Speicher: Dr. Speicher is a molecular virologist and epidemiologist with expertise in detecting and monitoring infectious diseases. He has conducted research in Australia, Africa, Asia, and North America, focusing on saliva as a diagnostic fluid, oral cancers, and sexually transmitted diseases.

DNA Contamination in COVID-19 Vaccines: Dr. Speicher has investigated the presence of residual plasmid DNA in COVID-19 vaccines, specifically in Moderna and Pfizer mRNA vaccines. His research suggests that these vaccines contain high levels of plasmid DNA, exceeding the regulatory limits set by the FDA and WHO.

Key Findings:

  1. Residual plasmid DNA: Dr. Speicher’s studies detected significant amounts of plasmid DNA in both Pfizer and Moderna vaccines, exceeding the regulatory limits of 10 ng/dose.
  2. SV40 promoter-enhancer: His research identified the presence of the SV40 promoter-enhancer sequence in Pfizer vaccines, which can potentially integrate into the human genome, leading to concerns about genomic integration and potential adverse effects.
  3. Dose-response effect: Dr. Speicher’s findings suggest a dose-response effect between residual DNA and serious adverse events (SAEs), warranting further investigation.

Implications and Actions:

  1. Call for a moratorium: Dr. Speicher has called for a halt in the use of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines due to the potential risks associated with residual DNA contamination.
  2. Government hearings: His research has been presented in government hearings, including in the USA Senate and European Parliamentary assemblies.
  3. International collaborations: Dr. Speicher has collaborated with researchers from various institutions and countries to investigate the issue and provide evidence-based recommendations.

Publications and Resources:

  1. Preprint: Dr. Speicher’s preprint on the topic, “The residual plasmid DNA of Moderna and Pfizer vaccines,” is available online.
  2. Substack: He maintains a Substack page, where he shares updates and insights on his research and findings.
  3. GiveSendGo: Dr. Speicher has used GiveSendGo, a fundraising platform, to support his research and advocacy efforts.

Interviews and Testimonies:

  1. YouTube: Dr. Speicher has been interviewed on YouTube, discussing his research and findings on DNA contamination in COVID-19 vaccines.
  2. Substack: He has also written articles and provided testimony on his Substack page, sharing his expertise and concerns with the public.

Overall, Dr. David Speicher’s research on DNA contamination in COVID-19 vaccines highlights the importance of accurate detection and monitoring of infectious diseases. His findings have significant implications for vaccine safety and public health policy, and his advocacy efforts aim to ensure that policymakers and the public are informed about the potential risks associated with these vaccines.

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Tucker Carlson on approaching World War III

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New Poll Will Frighten You About the Future of America

“Our constitution was made only for a moral and religious people. It is wholly inadequate to the government of any other” A quote attributed to John Adams, a Founding Father and the second President of the United States.

This quote is from a letter written by John Adams to the officers of the First Brigade of the Third Division of the Militia of Massachusetts on October 11, 1798. In the letter, Adams expresses his concerns about the potential decline of moral and religious values in American society, warning that if the country becomes “riddled with vices” and loses its moral foundation, the Constitution and the democratic republican form of government will be unable to function effectively. ~ Bud

The following piece is by STACEY LENNOX 8:15 PM ON NOVEMBER 03, 2022 (short bio below)

 A new poll from Summit.org, in partnership with McLaughlin & Associates, shows that an increasing number of Americans do not believe absolute truth exists. All the talk about “my truth” and “her truth” has had a measurable effect. Instead of people viewing those phrases as a way to describe an opinion or a perspective, younger Americans believe truth can vary from person to person. In fact, a majority, 55%, of American voters aged 18-29 who expressed an opinion on the issue believe each person determines their own version of the truth.

Overall, 60% of American voters who expressed an opinion believe that there is absolute truth, and 40% believe each person determines their own version of the truth. Even though a majority seems to acknowledge the existence of objective truth, the fact that a number approaching half indicates it does not exist is frightening. It is even more concerning when you consider the current environment.

Perhaps cartoonist and public intellectual Scott Adams put it best. Before the 2020 election, he said Americans watched the same movie on two different screens. Some Americans experienced the Trump presidency through the lens of MSNBC, the New York Times, and other legacy network news channels. Others saw it through the eyes of Fox News, the Salem Media networks, and various podcasts. Few engaged with both sides of the aisle unless their job required them to.

So, while half of Americans who watch cable news waited with bated breath for the other shoe to drop on Russian collusion with Rachel Maddow, the other half learned from Tucker Carlson that Special Counsel Robert Mueller found nothing. Few voters know that court documents exonerated General Michael Flynn before President Trump pardoned him. Slightly more are aware that the only campaign that colluded with a Russian in 2016 was Hillary Clinton’s. Special Counsel John Durham’s findings received almost no legacy media coverage, leaving most of the country ignorant of the machinations of Igor Danchenko.

Recommended: Poll: Overwhelming Majorities Say They Will Vote Against Candidates That Support Transing Kids

This phenomenon leads to a country filled with people who view almost every event from the day Donald Trump came down the escalator through today in radically different ways. The same two screens were playing throughout the pandemic. You can trace what people know about the origins of COVID-19, the risk from the virus, the vaccines and other treatments, and the efficacy of lockdowns directly back to the news and entertainment they consume.

However, there are objective truths about all of these issues. Hillary Clinton’s campaign paid for the Steele dossier and shopped it to law enforcement agencies. The nation and Trump’s presidency were held hostage by low-quality opposition research. Investigating it cost Americans around $40 million. COVID-19 was never dangerous for children, and the vaccines carry real risks, especially for men under 40. It is also most likely that the virus emerged from a lab in Wuhan, China, not a vat of bat soup.

“The number of Americans who say there is no absolute truth is alarmingly high. But among young adults, we have now officially passed the tipping point. The majority of youth now say that each person determines their own version of truth,” said Dr. Jeff Myers, president of Summit.org and the author of the new book Truth Changes Everything: How People of Faith Can Transform the World in Times of Crisis. “The loss of truth has grave consequences for community, justice, a sense of purpose, and mental health. I’m not aware of any civilization that has abandoned reality to this extent and survived.”

With a contentious election looming, the potential ramifications of a significant number of voters believing the truth varies from individual to individual are troubling. Voters look at different polls, view the last election differently, and watch different coverage of the candidates. People who watch MSNBC may sincerely believe presidential historian Michael Beschloss when he says that  if Republicans win, their children “will be arrested and conceivably killed.” Other people who watched President Biden’s last appeal to voters believe him when he says election results will be delayed. Because they believe Democrats will cheat.

What can Americans who see this trainwreck barreling toward us do? Take in as much information as possible and use their voice. According to the poll, 81% of American voters who expressed an opinion believe that one person standing for their beliefs in a time of crisis has the power to bring change. “The good news is that Americans still hold out hope that each person can make a difference,” Myers observed. “If there ever was a time to stand for truth, it is now.”

Stacey Lennox is a recovering Fortune 500 executive and healthcare professional. PJ Media readers can hear Stacey on the weekly Loftus Party podcast with comedian Michael Loftus and multiple shows a week on KLRN Radio. Want your story told anonymously? Contact me via e-mail: joansgirl@protonmail.com

Read more by Stacey Lennox

Bud’s comment:

Stacey expresses this before the recent U.S. presidential election. The cultural subversion she describes has been building for many decades and is by no means limited to the U.S. There are many examples where Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Canada are further along in losing their culture than the U.S.

Cultural subversion is described in many related posts on my blog. I have followed this subject since my teen years when I was made aware by an aunt.

And many more. Use the search box.

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Europe’s Energy Problem by Drieu Godefridi, and our chance to learn by their mistakes

I sent the following email to our local Hawaii county government, which is run by a mayor and county council.

Please circulate these materials to the Mayor and Mayor-Elect as well as the County Council and Sustainability team.  Hopefully this will assist the Council to affect an about face course correction on the climate change hoax by learning from Europe’s mistakes.  Hawaii County could influence Hawaii State Government and Supreme Court in repealing its futile, wasteful and destructive “net zero” carbon law.

Drieu Godefridi is a Belgian philosopher and essayist. He holds a PhD from the Sorbonne University in Paris. His academic background and expertise span multiple fields, including law, philosophy, and theory.

Godefridi has written extensively on various topics, including energy transition, climate change, and geopolitics. He has contributed to publications such as Gatestone Institute and has spoken at conferences, like the one in Strasbourg on November 1, 2024.

As a philosopher and essayist, Godefridi’s work often explores the intersection of politics, economics, and environmental issues. He has also been active on social media, using platforms like Twitter to share his thoughts and engage with others.

Godefridi’s 10 page Powerpoint presentation from Strasbourg November 1, 2024 is attached.  Hat tip to Friends of Science for the presentation.

Below is a short article by Drieu Godefridi followed by the link to the original article. 

Aloha,

Bud Bromley

Holualoa

Europe’s German Problem

by Drieu Godefridi
November 1, 2024 at 5:00 am

Translations of this item:

Arabic Dutch FrenchGerman Greek Italian
  • With Merkel gone, Germany finds itself on an accelerating trajectory of impoverishment.
  • One might have hoped that the German Right would learn a few lessons from the Merkel disaster. It has not.
  • The European People’s Party (EPP), the largest political group in the European Parliament — in which the CDU is a member party — appointed Ursula von der Leyen as head of the European Commission. Under her leadership of the European Union, the economy is collapsing, industry is disappearing and Islamism is proliferating. Supposedly, all of that does not matter because Europeans have the Holy Grail: the “energy transition” to a “zero-carbon” Europe, and more regulations than all the other civilizations combined.
  • Unfortunately, that policy is an absolute myth. “Zero-carbon Europe”, a physical impossibility, will never happen. Even if it did, it would make no difference to the global explosion in CO2 emissions. Europe accounts for just 8% of global CO2 emissions. Even if Europe ceased to exist, it would make little difference to global CO2 emissions. They would continue to grow on all five continents.
  • To get Germany and Europe out of this rut, would it not be more constructive for the CDU to consider governing with the AfD?

The European People’s Party (EPP), the largest political group in the European Parliament — in which the CDU is a member party — appointed Ursula von der Leyen as head of the European Commission. Under her leadership of the European Union, the economy is collapsing, industry is disappearing and Islamism is proliferating. Supposedly, all of that does not matter because Europeans have the Holy Grail: the “energy transition” to a zero-carbon Europe, and more regulations than all the other civilizations combined. Pictured: Von der Leyen at the European Parliament in Strasbourg, France, on July 18, 2024. (Photo by Frederick Florin/AFP via Getty Images)

Today, Germany embraces the ideologies of “green energy” and a zero-carbon society — a society that no longer emits CO2. Germans seem serious about ideology; they seem serious about everything. Once they buy into an ideology, it might be hard to change their mind.

This is how Chancellor Angela Merkel came to power (2005-2021). Many forget that she did not emerge from the extreme green left, although judging by her record, one might think so. She came, in fact, from the CDU/CSU, Germany’s “center-right” party.

Merkel’s record is clear: 1) the demographic Islamization of Germany by opening its doors to a flood of migrants alien to German culture, and apparently with less than no interest in absorbing it; 2) the subordination of Germany’s energy to Russia, 3) the destruction of Germany’s nuclear heritage. If Merkel had have been an agent of the Russian regime — which trained her — she might have acted no differently.

With Merkel gone, Germany finds itself on an accelerating trajectory of impoverishment. According to the Süddeutsche Zeitung, the German Economy Ministry now projects a 0.2% GDP contraction for 2024, reversing its earlier prediction of 0.3% growth. Germany also faces industrial annihilation.

BASF, for instance, a flagship of Germany’s industrial sector since 1865, symbolizes the nation’s manufacturing strength. With nearly 400 production sites across 80 countries, its heart remains in Ludwigshafen, Germany, where it operates a vast complex with 200 plants and employs around 39,000 people. However, this hub has recently become a focal point for BASF’s challenges.

Over the past two years, the company has shut down one of its two ammonia units and idled several others at this location due to their lack of competitiveness, resulting in the loss of 2,500 jobs, explains Chemical and Engineering News. BASF also experienced a significant decline in 2023, with sales dropping by 21.1% and adjusted earnings plunging by 60.1%. Adding to these woes, BASF recently announced plans to cut costs by an additional $1.1 billion in Ludwigshafen, foreshadowing further job cuts.

As a result of this industrial disaster, the German establishment is confronting a democratic revolt by growing segments of its people, as shown by the recent regional elections in Thuringia, Saxony and Brandenburg, which saw the surge of the right-wing AfD party, which demands that Germany say goodbye to the green energy myths that are destroying its industry.

One might have hoped that the German right would learn a few lessons from the Merkel disaster. It has not. Federal polls and the recent regional elections seem to agree, predicting a disaster for the left, while the center-right CDU/CSU and the right-wing AfD are on the ascent.

While logic demands that the center-right and the right, which together have a large majority, govern — their policy convergences, whether on migration or energy, are numerous — the center-right has made clear its absolute refusal to govern with the AfD, in any way whatsoever.

This is forcing the CDU to consider governing tomorrow with… the Greens, Europe’s most radical extreme left (along with the Belgian and French environmentalists) — the party most opposed to the CDU on the issues of migration, the environment and prioritizing nuclear energy. The movement responsible for the destruction of Germany’s energy resources, and a direct accomplice of the Russian regime and under its patronage — the Greens — who signed and celebrated the dismantling of Germany’s nuclear power stations in the middle of the war in Ukraine after destruction of Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline; nuclear power stations that were still operational and could have continued to produce cheap energy for years.

Is the CDU actually preparing to close the borders with those who want to abolish borders; to send back unintegrable migrants despite the Greens’ opposition to deportation; to lower energy prices with the authors of the very policies that caused the prices to explode in the first place, and to counter Islamism with the help of its most dedicated allies?

This collaboration is being facilitated by a massive ideological convergence: both the CDU and the Greens believe in the necessity of the Energiewende (“energy transition”). The elimination of fossil fuels and nuclear power is to be replaced by the “renewable energies” — mainly wind and solar — which are intermittent, often unaffordable and of limited practical use. Wind and solar are massively impacted by weather conditions. Solar panels produce less on cloudy days, and wind turbines generate less during calm periods. This variability makes it difficult to ensure a consistent energy output.

The center-right CDU supports the market economy, the Atlantic alliance and German industry — but also adheres to environmentalists’ ideology. That view helps to explain why the European People’s Party (EPP), the largest political group in the European Parliament — in which the CDU is a member party — appointed Ursula von der Leyen as head of the European Commission. Under her leadership of the European Union, the economy is collapsing, industry is disappearing and Islamism is proliferating. Supposedly, all of that does not matter because Europeans have the Holy Grail: the “energy transition” to a “zero-carbon” Europe, and more regulations than all the other civilizations combined.

Unfortunately, that policy is an absolute myth. “Zero-carbon Europe”, a physical impossibility, will never happen. Even if it did, it would make no difference to the global explosion in CO2 emissions. Europe accounts for just 8% of global CO2 emissions. Even if Europe ceased to exist, it would make little difference to global CO2 emissions. They would continue to grow on all five continents. The destruction of European industry by the German right would have no effect on the climate — zero.

Today, with environmentalists touting the “zero-carbon society” and “100% renewable energy,” Germany has locked itself in myths hardly better than the Lebensraum of the previous century.

Today, as yesterday, these myths risk precipitating the ruin not only of Germany, but of the whole of Europe.

To get Germany and Europe out of this rut, would it not be more constructive for the CDU to consider governing with the AfD?

Drieu Godefridi is a jurist (University Saint-Louis, University of Louvain), philosopher (University Saint-Louis, University of Louvain) and PhD in legal theory (Paris IV-Sorbonne). He is an entrepreneur, CEO of a European private education group and director of PAN Medias Group. He is the author of The Green Reich (2020).

https://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/21075/europe-german-problem

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Dr. David Martin’s speech at EU Parliament

European Parliament – International COVID Summit III – Dr. David Martin

About 21 minutes

https://www.bitchute.com/video/DZ4FZcchGLKA

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DNA expert explains fingerprint of lab-made corona virus

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To Mars, or not to Mars, that is the question.

“Starship is now more than twice as powerful as the Saturn V Moon rocket and, in a year or so, it will be three times as powerful at 10,000 metric tons of thrust. More importantly, it is designed to be fully reusable, burning ~80% liquid oxygen and ~20% liquid methane (very low cost propellant). This enables cost per ton to orbital space to be ~10,000% lower than Saturn V. Starship is the difference between being a multiplanet or single planet civilization. Building a new world on Mars is now possible.” ~@elonmusk

A nuclear engine would be very beneficial when available.  Presumably, it would add the capability of continuous power output for many years enabling continuous acceleration when in space and thereby shortening the trip time and trip cost compared to CH4+O2, and then power for deceleration to enter Mars orbit.  In contrast, CH4 and O2 fuel would need to be used more conservatively to achieve an optimal Mars orbital velocity but no more than that.  Once that velocity was achieved, then the main CH4+O2 engines would need to shut down and the Starship would essentially coast with only internal power for life support and guidance correction power operating during the much longer trip between the Earth launch window and the Mars orbit to conserve precious CH4+O2.  Taking the nuclear power plant to Mars surface, the powerplant’s energy could be used to produce oxygen, methane and other needed chemicals from the abundant CO2 in Martian atmosphere, soil, as well as the crew’s waste, especially waste and recycled water.   Given Elon’s time frame, it would appear that he must be planning already for small fission reactors, not on yet to be proven small fusion reactors.   

Elon Musk, many other people and I would answer the question “why go there?” by saying that the human race must become multiplanetary.  It’s one of those destiny questions like, “To be, or not to be?”  “Not to be” is fatalistic, deterministic. Not acceptable or even realistic to me. Freedom is our God-given destiny.  “To be” means free and self-determined.  Some are free and will want to be free while residing on Earth, some will want to be free and explore.  Secondly, it assuages the intrinsically human need to explore to know more, like Magellan, Columbus, etc.  

SpaceX is exploring the use of nuclear power for future Mars missions. In 2019, NASA awarded SpaceX a contract to develop a nuclear power source for the Artemis program, which aimed to return humans to the Moon by 2024 and establish a sustainable presence on the lunar surface.

Nuclear Power Options: 

SpaceX is reportedly considering several nuclear power options, including:

  • Small Modular Reactors (SMRs): Compact, lightweight reactors that can provide a reliable and efficient source of power.  Seems to me to be a good area to explore for Earth bound transportation, EV’s etc too; better than lithium. 
  • Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators (RTGs): Similar to those used in NASA’s Curiosity Rover, these convert the heat generated by radioactive decay into electricity.

Benefits:

  • Long-term power: Nuclear power can provide a reliable and long-lasting source of energy for Mars missions.in space
  • Reduced reliance on solar panels: Nuclear power can operate during periods of low sunlight or dust storms on Mars.

SpaceX is exploring the use of solar sails, also known as solar photon sails or light sails, for its Mars missions. Solar sails use the pressure of solar photons to propel a spacecraft, providing a lightweight and efficient means of propulsion.  Like a nuclear powered engine, solar sails could also provide continuous power for continuous acceleration and shorter trip times. 

Solar Sail Concepts:

SpaceX is investigating several solar sail concepts, including:

  • Starship’s Solar Sails: The Starship spacecraft, designed for lunar and Mars missions, may incorporate solar sails to provide additional propulsion.

Benefits:

  • Increased efficiency: Solar sails can provide a significant increase in propulsion efficiency, especially for long-duration missions.
  • Reduced mass: Solar sails are lightweight, reducing the mass of the spacecraft and enabling more efficient transportation, compared to carrying fuel for similar acceleration.

Challenges:

  • Solar sail size and deployment: Large solar sails require complex deployment mechanisms and may be vulnerable to damage during launch and operation.  A difficult to sense swarm of tiny meteorites could destroy it.  Back propulsion needed.
  • Solar sail material: The material used for the solar sail must be lightweight, durable, and resistant to radiation, extreme temperatures, and high speed particles.

With the addition of nuclear power at the Martian surface, there is already sufficient material, gravity and incoming solar energy on Mars for terraforming, which is not the case on Earth’s moon so far as we know today.  Mars atmosphere is much more concentrated in CO2 that Earth’s.  The CO2 atmospheric concentration on Mars is approximately 95% by volume; this is very useful for many things as a chemical precursor but of course is not breathable even with the addition of sufficient oxygen.  CO2 + hydrogen + nitrogen and abundant energy gives you ammonia for fertilizer and all sorts of plastics.  Already H2O has been discovered on Mars. The NASA Perseverance rover found evidence of past water on Mars, including signs of ancient rivers, lakes, and even an ocean.  If those oceans resembled Earths, there could be relative abundant uranium dust.  The rover has also detected water ice at the Martian poles and mid-latitudes.  Nitrogen gas has been detected, making up about 2.7% of the Martian atmosphere by volume.  The essential elements of life are there, but in very different abundances than earth.

Surface gravity on Mars is approximately 38% of the surface gravity on Earth, with an average gravitational acceleration of 3.72076 m/s^2. This means that if you weigh 100 pounds on Earth, you would weigh only about 38 pounds on Mars; this becomes a critical factor.  Weight has advantages and disadvantages for life on Mars with regard to terraforming and humans and animals living on the surface.  Most likely a dome or a sealed cave would be needed to create atmospheric conditions for humans, as well as space suits for sufficient air pressure, breathable air, radiation protection and temperature control.  Mars’ atmosphere is thinner (I.e., shorter distance between surface and space) than Earth’s because it has a weaker magnetic field, which allows solar winds to strip away Mars’ atmospheric gases.  Somewhat counterintuitively, Mars has higher atmospheric concentrations of Ar, He, H2 than Earth because Mars’ atmosphere is thinner and less of these gases have been stripped away by the constant cosmic ray flux at the outer edges of Mars’ atmosphere.  He could be useful for nuclear applications and transportation, Argon as an thermal insulator, and H2 as a reactant gas.

According to an Insolation – Energy Education article, the average solar insolation on Earth is around 4-5 kWh/m^2 per day.  But, comparing solar insolation of Earth versus Mars is a more complex calculation than it may seem at first look.  The average solar insolation on Earth’s surface is approximately 343 W/m², which is equivalent to the solar constant (1370 W/m² or 1 AU) spread out over the entire planet semi-sphere due to the Earth’s rotation and reduced by the angle of incidence; but this averaged calculation is not very useful for a man or growing a plant at a specific point on Mars’s smaller surface area.  The comparison is not as simple as reducing insolation at Earth’s surface by the inverse square law and the Mars’ increased distance from the sun and reducing the area and angle of incidence.  Near the equators of both planets, insolation is more concentrated and less concentrated at the poles.  Earth’s atmosphere is much thicker and contains much more clouds than Mars’ atmosphere, and those high Earth clouds especially reflect more solar radiation.  The thinner Mars atmosphere allows relatively more radiation at all wavelengths to reach the surface, including the more dangerous ionizing radiation; Earth’s atmosphere absorbs and scatters more before it reaches the surface.  This could be a life-saving difference in the case of solar flares and non-solar cosmic rays.  I would rather find and rely on measurement from the Mars Rover. 

Cosmic rays are high-energy particles that originate from outside the Earth’s atmosphere, primarily from solar flares, supernovae, and other astrophysical sources. They can include a variety of particles, such as protons, electrons, and heavy ions, as well as gamma rays and neutrinos.  Cosmic rays are a significant concern for astronauts on the International Space Station and presumably will be during deep space missions or planetary surfaces. The radiation levels can be high and cancer-causing levels especially during flares and coronal mass ejections, supernovae, etc.  (Presumably, flights from Earth to Mars would always be designed to travel farther away from the sun, and never be a secant curve route inside Earth’s orbit around the sun.)  Is there a way to capture cosmic rays and convert them into an energy source in space or on the surface of a planet with thin or no atmosphere?   

Assuming fission energy will eventually be available on Mars, and trace uranium is recoverable there as it is from soil and ocean here, then the more practical problem for living on Mars may well be due to its lower gravity.  Since humans would weigh much less on Mars, lengthy stays with no artificial gravity on the surface will drastically and eventually permanently change human, animal and plant body structures, especially muscle and bone density and strength.  Humans and animals who stay long may not be able to return.  Oops!  There may be reproduction issues.  Oops. 

That’s enough Martian dreaming for today.  Perhaps you enjoyed the ride as much as I did.

Bud

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