Victor Davis Hanson: What Will the FBI Not Do?

Who watches the watchers?

by Victor Davis Hanson (bio below)

December 26, 2022

The FBI on Wednesday finally broke its silence and responded to the revelations on Twitter of close ties between the bureau and the social media giant—ties that included efforts to suppress information and censor political speech. 

“The correspondence between the FBI and Twitter show nothing more than examples of our traditional, longstanding and ongoing federal government and private sector engagements, which involve numerous companies over multiple sectors and industries,” the bureau said in a statement. “As evidenced in the correspondence, the FBI provides critical information to the private sector in an effort to allow them to protect themselves and their customers. The men and women of the FBI work every day to protect the American public. It is unfortunate that conspiracy theorists and others are feeding the American public misinformation with the sole purpose of attempting to discredit the agency.” 

Almost all of the FBI communique is untrue, except the phrase about the bureau’s “engagements which involve numerous companies over multiple sectors and industries.” 

Future disclosures will no doubt reveal similar FBI subcontracting with other social media concerns of Silicon Valley to stifle free expression and news deemed problematic to the FBI’s agenda. 

The FBI did not merely engage in “correspondence” with Twitter to protect the company and its “customers.” Instead, it effectively hired Twitter to suppress the free expression of some of its users, as well as news stories deemed unhelpful to the Biden campaign and administration—to the degree that the bureau’s requests sometimes even exceeded those of Twitter’s own left-wing censors.

The FBI did not wish to help Twitter “to protect themselves [sic],” given the bureau’s Twitter liaisons were often surprised at the FBI’s bold requests to suppress the expression of those who had not violated Twitter’s own admittedly biased “terms of service” and “community standards.”

The FBI and its helpers on the Left now reboot the same boilerplate about “conspiracy theorists” and “misinformation” smears used against anyone who rejected the FBI-fed Russian collusion hoax and the bureau’s peddling of the “Russian disinformation” lie to suppress accurate pre-election news about the authenticity of Hunter Biden’s laptop. 

The FBI is now, tragically, in freefall. The public is at the point, first, of asking what improper or illegal behavior will the bureau not pursue, and what, if anything, must be done to reform or save a once great but now discredited agency.

Consider the last four directors, the public faces of the FBI for the last 22 years. Ex-director Robert Mueller testified before Congress that he simply would not or could not talk about the fraudulent Steele dossier. He claimed that it was not the catalyst for his special counsel investigation of Donald Trump’s alleged ties with the Russians when, of course, it was. 

Mueller also testified that he was “not familiar” with Fusion GPS, although Glenn Simpson’s opposition research firm subsidized the dossier through various cutouts that led back to Hillary Clinton’s 2016 presidential campaign. And the skullduggery in the FBI-subsidized dossier helped force the appointment of Mueller himself. 

While under congressional oath, Mueller’s successor James Comey on some 245 occasions claimed that he “could not remember,” “could not recall,” or “did not know” when asked simple questions fundamental to his own involvement with the Russian collusion hoax. 

Comey, remember, memorialized a confidential conversation with President Trump on an FBI device and then used a third party to leak it to the New York Times. In his own words, the purpose was to force a special counsel appointment. The gambit worked, and his friend and predecessor Robert Mueller got the job. Twenty months and $40 million later, Mueller’s investigation tore the country apart but could find no evidence that Trump, as Steele alleged, colluded with the Russians to throw the 2016 election. 

Comey also seems to have reassured the president that he was not the target of an ongoing FBI investigation, when in fact, Trump was.

Comey was never indicted for either misleading or lying to a congressional committee or leaking a document variously considered either confidential or classified. 

While under oath, his interim successor, Andrew McCabe, on a number of occasions flat-out lied to federal investigators. Or as the office of the inspector general put it:

As detailed in this report, the OIG found that then-Deputy Director Andrew McCabe lacked candor, including under oath, on multiple occasions in connection with describing his role in connection with a disclosure to the WSJ, and that this conduct violated FBI Offense Codes 2.5 and 2.6. The OIG also concluded that McCabe’s disclosure of the existence of an ongoing investigation in the manner described in this report violated the FBI’s and the Department’s media policy and constituted misconduct.

 McCabe purportedly believed Trump was working with the Russians as a veritable spy—a false accusation based entirely on the FBI’s paid, incoherent prevaricator Christopher Steele. And so, McCabe discussed with Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein methods to have the president’s conversations wiretapped via a Rosenstein-worn stealthy recording device, presumably without a warrant.

Note the FBI ruined the lives of General Michael Flynn and Carter Page with false allegations of criminal conduct or untruthful testimonies. Under current director Christopher Wray, the FBI has surveilled parents at school boards meetings—on the prompt of the National School Boards Association, whose president wrote Attorney General Merrick Garland alleging that bothersome parents upset over critical race indoctrination groups were supposedly violence-prone and veritable terrorists. 

Under Wray, the FBI staged the psychodramatic Mar-a-Lago raid on an ex-president’s home. The FBI likely leaked the post facto myths that the seized documents contained “nuclear codes” or “nuclear secrets.”  

Under Wray, the FBI perfected the performance-art, humiliating public arrests of former White House officials or Biden Administration opponents, whether it was the nocturnal rousting of Project Veritas muckraker James O’Keefe in his underwear or the arrest—with leg restraints=—of former White House advisor Peter Navarro at Reagan National Airport for misdemeanor contempt of Congress charge or the detention of Trump election lawyer John Eastman at a restaurant with his family and the confiscation of his phone. Neither O’Keefe nor Eastman has yet been charged with any serious crimes. 

The FBI arguably interfered in two presidential elections, and a presidential transition, and possibly determinatively so. In 2016, James Comey announced that his investigation had found that Hillary Clinton had improperly if not illegally used her private email server to conduct official State Department business, some of it confidential and classified, and likely intercepted by foreign governments. All that was a clear violation of federal statutes. Comey next, quite improperly as a combined FBI investigator and a de facto federal prosecutor, deduced that such violations did not merit prosecution. 

Around the same time, the FBI had hired as a source the foreign national and political opposition hitman Christopher Steele. It helped Steele to spread among the media his fraudulent dossier and used its unverified and false contents to win FISA warrants against U.S. citizens on the bogus charges of colluding with the Russians to throw the election to Donald Trump. By the FBI’s own admission, it would not have obtained warrants to surveil Trump campaign associates without the use of Steele’s dossier, which it also admittedly either knew was a fraud or could not corroborate.

Again, such allegations in the dossier were false and, apparently, the FBI soon knew they were bogus since one of its own lawyers—the now-convicted felon Kevin Clinesmith—found it necessary also to alter a court-submitted document to feign incriminatory information. 

The FBI, on the prompt of lame-duck members of the Obama Justice Department, during a presidential transition, set up an entrapment ambush of National Security Advisor Michael Flynn. It was an effort to lure Flynn into admitting to a violation of the Logan Act, a 223-year old-law that has led to only two indictments and zero convictions. 

During the 2020 election, the FBI suppressed knowledge of its possession of Hunter Biden’s laptop. Early on, the bureau knew that the computer and its contents were authentic and yet kept its contents suppressed. 

Moreover, the FBI sought to contract out Twitter (at roughly $3.5 million) as a veritable subsidiarity to suppress social media traffic about the laptop and speech the bureau deemed improper. 

Again, although the FBI knew the laptop in its possession was likely genuine, it still sought to use Twitter employees to suppress pre-election mention of that reality. At the same time, bureau officials remained mum when 51 former “intelligence officials” misled the country by claiming that the laptop had all the hallmarks of “Russian disinformation.” Polls later revealed that had the public known the truth about the laptop, a significant number likely would have voted differently—perhaps enough to change the outcome of the election.

The media, Twitter, Facebook, and former intelligence operatives were all following the FBI’s own preliminary warning bulletin that “Foreign Actors and Cybercriminals Likely to Spread Disinformation Regarding 2020 Election Results”—even as the bureau knew the laptop in its possession was most certainly not Russian disinformation. And, of course, the FBI had helped spread the Russian collusion hoax in 2016. 

In addition, the FBI-issued phones of agent Peter Strzok and attorney Lisa Page, along with members of Robert Mueller’s special counsel “dream team”—all under subpoena—had their data mysteriously wiped clean, purportedly “by accident.” 

Apparently, the paramours Strzok and Page, in particular, had much more to hide, given how earlier they had frequently expressed their venom toward candidate Donald Trump. Strzok boasted to Page that the FBI in general, and Andrew McCabe in particular, had an “insurance policy” means of denying Trump the presidency: 

I want to believe the path you threw out in Andy’s office—that there’s no way he gets elected—but I’m afraid we can’t take the risk. It’s like an insurance policy in the unlikely event you die before you’re 40.

 When some of their embarrassing texts emerged, both were dismissed by the special counsel. But Mueller carefully did so by staggering Strozk and Pages’ departures and not immediately releasing the reasons for their firings or reassignments.

To this day, the public has no idea what the FBI was doing on January 6, how many FBI informants and agents were among the rioters, and to what degree they knew in advance of the protests. The New York Times reporter most acquainted with the January 6 riot, Matthew Rosenberg, dismissed the buffoonish violence as “no big deal” and scoffed, “They were making this an organized thing that it wasn’t.” 

“There were a ton of FBI informants among the people who attacked the Capitol,”  Rosenberg noted. We have never been told anything about that “ton”—a topic of zero interest to the January 6 select committee.

What are the people to do about a federal law enforcement agency whose directors either repeatedly lie under oath, or mislead, or do not cooperate with congressional overseers? What should we do with a bureau that alters court documents, deceives the court with information the FBI had good reason to know was false and leaks records of confidential presidential conversations to the media to prompt the appointment of a special prosecutor? What should be done with a government agency that pays social media corporations to warp the dissemination of the news and suppress free expression and communications? Or an agency that hires a foreign national to gather dirt on a presidential candidate and plots to ensure that there is “no way” a presidential candidate “gets elected” and destroys subpoenaed evidence? 

What, if anything, should the people do about a once-respected law enforcement agency that repeatedly smears its critics, most recently as “conspiracy theorists”?

The current FBI leadership under Christopher Wray, in the tradition of recent FBI directors, has stonewalled congressional overseers about FBI activity during the Trump and Biden administrations. In “Après moi, le déluge” fashion, the bureau acts as if it assumes the next Republican administration in office will remove the current hierarchy. And thus, it assumes for now, not cooperating with Republican investigations while Democrats hold control of the Senate and White House for a brief while longer ensures exemption. 

Wray, most recently, cut short his Senate testimony on the pretext of an unspecified engagement, which turned out to be flying out on the FBI Gulfstream jet to his vacation home.

Yet the bureau’s lack of candor, contrition, and cooperation has only further alienated the public, especially traditional and conservative America, characteristically the chief source of support for the FBI. 

There have been all sorts of remedies proposed for the bureau. 

The three reforms most commonly suggested include: 1) simply dissolve the FBI in the belief that its concentration of power in Washington has become uncontrollable and is increasingly put to partisan service, including but not limited to the warping of U.S. presidential elections; 2) move the FBI headquarters out of the Washington D.C. nexus, preferably in the age of Zoom to a more convenient and central location in the United States, perhaps an urban site such as Salt Lake City, Denver, Kansas City, or Oklahoma City; or 3) break-up and decentralize the FBI and redistribute its various divisions to different departments to ensure that the power of its $11 billion budget and 35,000 employees are no longer aggregated and put in service of particular political agendas. 

The next two years are dangerous times for the FBI—and the country. The House will soon likely begin investigations of the agency’s improper behavior. Yet, simultaneously, the Biden Justice Department will escalate its use of the bureau as a partisan investigative service for political purposes. 

The FBI’s former embattled, high-ranking administrators who have been fired or forced to leave the agency—Andrew McCabe, James Comey, Peter Strzok, James Baker, Lisa Page, and others—will continue to appear on the cable news stations and social media to inveigh against critics of the FBI, despite being all deeply involved in the Russia-collusion hoax. 

Merrick Garland will continue to order the FBI to hound perceived enemies through surveillance and performance art arrests. And the people will only grow more convinced the bureau has become Stasi-like and cannot be reformed but must be broken up—even as in extremis a defiant and unapologetic FBI will, as its latest communique shows, attack its critics. 

We are left with the dilemma of Quis custodiet ipsos custodes? Who watches the watchers?

About Victor Davis Hanson

Victor Davis Hanson is a distinguished fellow of the Center for American Greatness and the Martin and Illie Anderson Senior Fellow at Stanford University’s Hoover Institution. He is an American military historian, columnist, a former classics professor, and scholar of ancient warfare. He has been a visiting professor at Hillsdale College since 2004. Hanson was awarded the National Humanities Medal in 2007 by President George W. Bush. Hanson is also a farmer (growing raisin grapes on a family farm in Selma, California) and a critic of social trends related to farming and agrarianism. He is the author most recently of The Second World Wars: How the First Global Conflict Was Fought and Won, The Case for Trump and the newly released The Dying Citizen.

Read the original post here: https://amgreatness.com/2022/12/26/what-will-the-fbi-not-do/

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Kamala Harris is a communist, as she tells you here

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Where were you when #13

You will understand the car pic after reading my comment in the above post and listening to the tunes.

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The Great Replacement

https://x.com/i/status/1843781212134916552

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Wow.  Powerful testimony in U.S. Senate by journalist Lara Logan.

The transcript is below. But listen to her powerful delivery and composure.

“I have worked at the highest levels of the media as a full-time correspondent for 60 Minutes, chief foreign correspondent for CBS News, chief foreign affairs correspondent for CBS News. That was my home for 16 years. And as a journalist, I have sat down with world leaders, mass murderers, and terrorists. And I have held people on both sides of the aisle accountable. I have seen suffering and I have faced evil and I have walked through the fires of hell on distant battlefields. I faced my own death at the hands of a mob of some 200 men in Egypt when I was gang-raped and sodomized and beaten almost to death while on assignment for 60 minutes. And yet for almost a decade I have been targeted and falsely branded and accused of many things that I did not do.

They have attacked my work, my character, my sanity, and my marriage. And I am not alone. We are many. And we will not give up, and we will not give in. It’s important to all of us, because of everything discussed today, that we address the vital principles and values that exist really only in the United States of America.

And that said, these are the worst of times for the media in this country. We live in the age of information warfare, where propaganda is not simply a weapon, it is the entire field of battle. This is a war for our minds that is aided by advanced technology, and we have never been here, not in all of human history. It is a moment when we as journalists should stand together, united, and regardless of politics, we should fight for the truth and we should fight for freedom. Yet, not very long ago, we allowed one of our own to be branded as a traitor simply for doing his job. In fact, there were many so-called journalists who were leading the charge against Tucker, accusing him of treason for the simple fact of interviewing the president of Russia. And to my knowledge, there was not a single legacy media institution that spoke up. This was more than a politically motivated attack on one man. It was a betrayal of the most sacred principles of a free press. And my media colleagues know this to be true, no matter what they say. My fear is that they either no longer care or that they lack the moral courage to be honest, including with themselves to those who wish to censor the idea of free speech in America and all over the world. Media companies, institutions and journalism schools have failed all of us. And for too long we have allowed non-profit organizations to masquerade as non-partisan media watchdogs, when in fact they are little more than highly paid political propagandists and assassins whose entire reason for being is to crush anyone who stands in their way and along with them the long held and cherished ideas of free speech, free thinking, and free minds. This is a blood sport for them, their political allies, and their puppet masters. They know how to kill a journalist without murdering them. We call it cancel culture. In truth, it is a death sentence. And they get away with it because they have information dominance. Some are strong enough to survive, but only a few like Glenn Greenwald, Tucker Carlson, Matt Taibbi, only a few like them are able to reach greater heights and thrive.

These nonprofits that I’m talking about are part of a vast censorship network that includes government agencies. They use deception to mask their actions with lofty goals like preventing the spread of misinformation, disinformation, hate speech. They use phrases like protecting democracy and make no mistake, words matter. While propaganda and censorship are not new. Technology means unprecedented power and reach in the hands of a few. Companies like Facebook, Instagram, and Google, as you have heard many times today, have been allowed to amass monopoly power. And as a result, they not only reach billions of people across the world every second of the day, they have absolute control over what we see and what we hear.

Mao, Hitler. When I became a journalist more than 35 years ago, we were under emergency restrictions in apartheid South Africa. And I was 17 years old. Public safety and security were the weapons of state censors. Ours was the truth. We had no Bill of Rights, no Constitution, no First Amendment, no Declaration of Independence and journalists would have to hide their footage from the security police, sometimes sewing the tapes into their mattresses at home so they could not be seized and used to identify and target the protesters that we had filmed. The light of freedom that set fire to our hearts in South Africa was lit thousands of miles away. It was lit right here where we sit today in the United States of America.

When the Founding Fathers put freedom of speech first, it was not by chance, it was by design. The rights that followed were in part created to protect the First Amendment. Without it, they knew that freedom itself would perish. I am reminded today of the words spoken by the British Foreign Secretary, Sir Edward Gray, in 1914, at the beginning of the First World War. He said, the lamps are going out all over Europe. We shall not see them lit again in our lifetime. We are once again watching the lights of freedom. They’re going out here and all over the world. And it is up to us to determine if they will be lit again ever.”

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Kamala says, “When we …”and reduce population”

“When we invest in clean energy and electric vehicles, and reduce population, more of our children can breathe clean air and drink clean water.” 🤡

– Kamala Harris pic.x.com/qwen27TTgX
 
10/4/24, 11:50 PM
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Don’t trust the government

Any government in any country

Don’t Trust The Government. Not With Your Privacy, Property, Or Your Freedoms

Authored by John & Nisha Whitehead via The Rutherford Institute,

“In questions of power then, let no more be heard of confidence in man, but bind him down from mischief by the chains of the Constitution.”

– Thomas Jefferson

Public trust in the government to “do what is right” understandably remains at an all-time low.

After all, how do you trust a government that continuously sidesteps the Constitution and undermines our rights? You can’t.

When you consider all the ways “we the people” are being bullied, beaten, bamboozled, targeted, tracked, repressed, robbed, impoverished, imprisoned and killed by the government, one can only conclude that you shouldn’t trust the government with your privacy, your property, your life, or your freedoms.

Consider for yourself.

Don’t trust the government with your privacy, digital or otherwise. In the more than two decades since 9/11, the military-security industrial complex has operated under a permanent state of emergency that, in turn, has given rise to a digital prison that grows more confining and inescapable by the day. Wall-to wall surveillance, monitored by AI software and fed to a growing network of fusion centers, render the twin concepts of privacy and anonymity almost void. By conspiring with corporations, the Department of Homeland Security “fueled a massive influx of money into surveillance and policing in our cities, under a banner of emergency response and counterterrorism.”

Don’t trust the government with your property. If government agents can invade your home, break down your doors, kill your dog, damage your furnishings and terrorize your family, your property is no longer private and secure—it belongs to the government. Hard-working Americans are having their bank accounts, homes, cars electronics and cash seized by police under the assumption that they have allegedly been associated with some criminal scheme.

Don’t trust the government with your finances. The U.S. government—and that includes the current administration—is spending money it doesn’t have on programs it can’t afford, and “we the taxpayers” are being forced to foot the bill for the government’s fiscal insanity. The national debt is $35 trillion and growing, yet there seems to be no end in sight when it comes to the government’s fiscal insanity. According to Forbes, Congress has raised, extended or revised the definition of the debt limit 78 times since 1960 in order to allow the government to essentially fund its existence with a credit card.

Don’t trust the government with your health. For all intents and purposes, “we the people” have become lab rats in the government’s secret experiments, which include MKULTRA and the U.S. military’s secret race-based testing of mustard gas on more than 60,000 enlisted men. Indeed, you don’t have to dig very deep or go very back in the nation’s history to uncover numerous cases in which the government deliberately conducted secret experiments on an unsuspecting populace—citizens and noncitizens alike—making healthy people sick by spraying them with chemicals, injecting them with infectious diseases and exposing them to airborne toxins. Unfortunately, the public has become so easily distracted by the political spectacle out of Washington, DC, that they are altogether oblivious to the grisly experiments, barbaric behavior and inhumane conditions that have become synonymous with the U.S. government, which has meted out untold horrors against humans and animals alike.

Don’t trust the government with your life: At a time when growing numbers of unarmed people have been shot and killed for just standing a certain way, or moving a certain way, or holding something—anything—that police could misinterpret to be a gun, or igniting some trigger-centric fear in a police officer’s mind that has nothing to do with an actual threat to their safety, even the most benign encounters with police can have fatal consequences. The number of Americans killed by police continues to grow, with the majority of those killed as a result of police encounters having been suspected of a non-violent offense or no crime at all, or during a traffic violation. According a report by Mapping Police Violence, police killed more people in 2022 than any other year within the past decade. In 98% of those killings, police were not charged with a crime.

Don’t trust the government with your freedoms. For years now, the government has been playing a cat-and-mouse game with the American people, letting us enjoy just enough freedom to think we are free but not enough to actually allow us to live as a free people. Freedom no longer means what it once did. This holds true whether you’re talking about the right to criticize the government in word or deed, the right to be free from government surveillance, the right to not have your person or your property subjected to warrantless searches by government agents, the right to due process, the right to be safe from militarized police invading your home, the right to be innocent until proven guilty and every other right that once reinforced the founders’ belief that this would be “a government of the people, by the people and for the people.” On paper, we may be technically free, but in reality, we are only as free as a government official may allow.

Whatever else it may be—a danger, a menace, a threat—the U.S. government is certainly not looking out for our best interests, nor is it in any way a friend to freedom.

Remember the purpose of a good government is to protect the lives and liberties of its people.

Unfortunately, what we have been saddled with is, in almost every regard, the exact opposite of an institution dedicated to protecting the lives and liberties of its people.

“We the people” should have learned early on that a government that repeatedly lies, cheats, steals, spies, kills, maims, enslaves, breaks the laws, overreaches its authority, and abuses its power at almost every turn can’t be trusted.

So what’s the answer?

For starters, get back to basics. Get to know your neighbors, your community, and your local officials. This is the first line of defense when it comes to securing your base: fortifying your immediate lines.

Second, understand your rights. Know how your local government is structured. Who serves on your city council and school boards? Who runs your local jail: has it been coopted by private contractors? What recourse does the community have to voice concerns about local problems or disagree with decisions by government officials?

Third, know the people you’re entrusting with your local government. Are your police chiefs being promoted from within your community? Are your locally elected officials accessible and, equally important, are they open to what you have to say? Who runs your local media? Does your newspaper report on local events? Who are your judges? Are their judgments fair and impartial? How are prisoners being treated in your local jails?

Finally, don’t get so trusting and comfortable that you stop doing the hard work of holding your government accountable. We’ve drifted a long way from the local government structures that provided the basis for freedom described by Alexis de Tocqueville in Democracy in America, but we are not so far gone that we can’t reclaim some of its vital components.

As an article in The Federalist points out:

Local government is fundamental not so much because it’s a “laboratory” of democracy but because it’s a school of democracy. Through such accountable and democratic government, Americans learn to be democratic citizens. They learn to be involved in the common good. They learn to take charge of their own affairs, as a community. Tocqueville writes that it’s because of local democracy that Americans can make state and Federal democracy work—by learning, in their bones, to expect and demand accountability from public officials and to be involved in public issues.

To put it another way, think nationally but act locally.

As I make clear in my book Battlefield America: The War on the American People and in its fictional counterpart The Erik Blair Diariesthere is still a lot Americans can do to topple the police state tyrants, but any revolution that has any hope of succeeding needs to be prepared to reform the system from the bottom up. And that will mean re-learning step by painful step what it actually means to be a government of the people, by the people and for the people.

https://www.zerohedge.com/political/dont-trust-government-not-your-privacy-property-or-your-freedoms

https://www.rutherford.org/publications_resources/john_whiteheads_commentary/dont_trust_the_government_not_with_your_privacy_property_or_your_freedoms

Hat tip to Tyler Durden at ZeroHedge

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They are after me…

by @Rothmus on X/Twitter

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Radiative emissions from greenhouse gases?

I learned the following from the perspective of chemical measurement instrumentation and field theory instead of photonic (i.e., particle with no mass) theory.

When a so-called “greenhouse” gas molecule passes through a field of full spectrum long wave infrared radiation (LWIR), such as that which is continuously upwelling from earth’s surface, the molecule may possibly absorb one or more quanta of LWIR at one or more of its characteristic vibration frequencies at different amplitudes.  For absorption of that LWIR to occur, the intramolecular vibration frequencies, that is the vibrations of one atom in the molecule relative to one of more atoms in the same gas molecule, e.g. CO2, must correspond precisely to frequencies/wavelengths in LWIR field and those vibrational bands or quanta in the gas molecules must be at ground state, i.e., must not be already occupied (not excited, not saturated) from previous LWIR absorption. 

We know these vibrations, frequencies and wavelengths for almost all known molecules with high certainty by the measurement instrumentation science known as infrared spectroscopy; the mathematics of this technique became very precise and accurate by use of the Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), a significant improvement compared to previous dispersive spectroscopy techniques.  

The CO2 gas molecule in air at standard temperature and pressure (STP, 25C, 1 atm) has 4 possible vibration frequencies(1) which are very precisely and accurately known.  Frequencies precisely convert to wavelengths or wavenumbers.  If and only if one or more of the CO2 molecule’s 4 vibrational frequencies are at ground state (i.e., in tune – in coherent resonance- with the surrounding gas temperature/pressure) when the molecule intersects with a LWIR field containing the same frequencies, then this CO2 molecule will absorb 1 wavelength of LWIR at the precise frequency that is coherently in tune with one of the 4 specific vibration states of the CO2 gas molecule.  Absorbing that LWIR frequency/wavelength at one of those 4 frequencies is considered analogous to absorption of a photon, or a quantum.  The result is the frequency of the internal vibration between two atoms in the CO2 is increased by a known quantum, i.e., a measurable frequency and amplitude.  There are levels of excitation or quanta for increasing frequency and amplitude but the levels are discrete and change only by discrete quantum shifts between the levels.  When the CO2 molecule absorbs a photon or quantum of LWIR, this CO2 molecule is now in an “excited state” where its potential energy is higher than previously.  This occurs when a molecule absorbs energy, causing its electrons/bonds and atoms to move to a higher vibration level.  Importantly, the absorption event does not change the vector directional velocity of the CO2 gas molecule as it moves through the atmosphere and the LWIR field. Nor does the emission of that photon by itself slow (or cool) the vector velocity of the CO2 gas molecule.  The LWIR photon (or wavelength of LWIR) which was absorbed has no mass, so a collision does not change the direction or velocity of the CO2 molecule.  Thus the CO2 gas molecule has not been warmed by the absorption of LWIR except in the purest sense of its increase in potential energy above absolute zero Kelvin scale. 

Within a tiny fraction of a second after absorption of the LWIR, our CO2 gas molecule in its elevated state will collide with a N2 molecule (based on a probability distribution), or next probably an O2 molecule, or next a surface on earth, or next a water vapor molecule, and so forth down the probability distribution for collisions.  Our excited CO2 gas molecule is unlikely to collide with another CO2 gas molecule since CO2 concentration in air is only ~0.04%.  When our CO2 gas molecule at its elevated state is flying through air, its velocity and vector direct was determined by the temperature/pressure of the surrounding gases and its last previous collision geometry.  Our CO2 gas molecules collides with a N2 molecule (which is also traveling through space at a velocity and vector determined by the temperature/pressure of the surrounding gases and its last previous collision geometry most probably with another N2 molecule), for example, which disrupts the energy status of our CO2 gas molecule.  Due to this disturbance, probably the CO2 molecule will emit one wavelength (or photon) of LWIR into 3D steradian space and our CO2 gas molecule will “relax” to its ground state characteristic vibration mode.  The wavelength and frequency emitted will exactly the same as that which was absorbed, but the emission is into the surrounding 3D steradian space.  The abundance/amplitude (Watts/m2 ) of the LWIR emitted is distributed over 3D steradian space, that is, the total emitted Watts is the same as absorbed and as held in the quantum energy level, but the W/m2  is reduced at any one point very significantly because the total watts is distributed across a much larger area, i.e., the surface of an expanding 3D steradian solid geometric sphere.  About 50% of these watts is emitted vertically toward sky and about 50% is emitted toward earth’s surface. 

This LWIR emission from our CO2 gas molecule cannot be absorbed by the N2 gas molecule because the N2 molecule (nor O2, nor Ar) has compatible vibration modes.  The CO2 vibrations are potential energy which do not change the temperature of the CO2 molecule nor N2 molecule.  However, since our CO2 molecule is slightly more massive than the N2 molecule and both are traveling at about the same velocity, then the CO2 molecule may transmit some additional momentum to the N2 gas molecule thus possibly increasing the velocity/temperature of the N2 molecule (depending on the geometry of the collision.) 

About 50% of the total radiative emission watts of our CO2 molecule is directed toward the surface, and 50% to the sky. Already we can say that following the second law of thermodynamics the radiative emissions of our CO2 gas molecule cannot heat Earth’s surface. 

Only in the “normal” direction (i.e., perpendicular) between Earth’s surface and our CO2 molecule is the wavelength/frequency the same as the LWIR that was originally absorbed by our CO2 molecule.  At all other steradian solid angles the wavelength is longer and the frequency is reduced, i.e., the W/m2 is progressively reduced by the steradian math, and steradian angles lengthen the wavelength until eventually the radiation is no longer in the LWIR (heat band).  The amplitude of the emitted energy and wavelength of the emitted energy are simultaneously reduced measured at the point incidence.  (The distance the LWIR travels also lengthens (red shifts) the wavelength but this does not occur in the short distances of Earth’s atmosphere so far as I know.) 

At all angles including normal the watts received at the next object of incidence after emission (a molecule or a surface) is reduced by the math of steradian solid angles, and all of this occurred within a tiny fraction of a second.  At sea level, the density of N2 in air is approximately 2.5 x 1025 molecules/m3. The collision cross-section for CO2-N2 collisions is around 0.43 x 10-18 m2. The collision frequency CO2-N2 can be estimated to be around 1011 collisions per second!

Upon collision with another gas molecule, our CO2 gas molecule cannot transfer its potential energy of vibrations to another gas molecule except in the extremely rare instance of a geometrically perfect head on collision with another CO2 gas molecule which also happens to have exactly compatible vibrational bands which are at ground state, not at an elevated excited state.  Since these two CO2 molecules are both traveling through the same broad spectrum upwelling LWIR from Earth’s surface, the quantum energy bands of the second CO2 molecule are probably already saturated, and at the elevated state.  The result is the familiar log curve of CO2 wherein additional CO2 concentration yields progressively diminishing increases in LWIR absorption since the CO2 bands are mostly already saturated by LWIR from the surface and pervasive water vapor. 

When our CO2 at excited vibration state collides with a solid or liquid surface, these vibrations can transfer to the surface matrix and cause increased vibrations and heating of the molecules in the surface matrix.  Ocean surface heats slightly for example by the continuous collision of atmospheric gas molecules with ocean surface.  [Reflection (or albedo) of LWIR by the surface does not change surface temperature.  No energy is transferred to a surface upon light reflection from the surface.]  Considering the mean free path of CO2 molecules at sea level (approximately 60-70 nm) and the Earth’s radius (6.371 x 106 m), and a 2D Earth collision surface versus a 3D atmospheric gas matrix with density varying inversely with altitude, the collision frequency between CO2 molecules and the Earth’s surface can be expected to be significantly lower than the collision frequency between CO2 and N2 molecules in the air matrix.

Meanwhile, as earth’s surface is approached, the density of surrounding water vapor, CO2 and other “greenhouse” gas molecules is increasing due to gravity.  [Adiabatic thermodynamics must be considered in our heat transfer discussions.]   Earth’s surface is continuing to emit broad spectrum LWIR day and night.  The LWIR from our CO2 gas molecule will never reach earth’s surface (to supposedly warm it) unless our CO2 gas molecule happens to be only one wavelength above the surface, in which case the watts/m2 incident at the surface will have been significantly reduced as described above.  And, most of the wavelength/frequency incident at the surface is not normal/perpendicular to the surface, thus most of the incident radiation will be no longer LWIR (which could be called heat) but instead Far Infrared (FIR) or longer wavelength and lower W/m2

The next frequency range longer than LWIR is the Far Infrared (FIR) band. It ranges from approximately 15 micrometers to 1000 micrometers, while LWIR’s range is 8 micrometers to 15 micrometers wavelength.  The FIR band is not typically associated with direct warming of the Earth’s surface.  Earth’s surface is primarily warmed by shorter wavelength radiation, such as visible light and near infrared, which are absorbed and re-emitted after heat transference processes as longer wavelength radiation in the LWIR thermal range.  (It is these heat transference and thermodynamics processes that I hope our group will finally receive deserved consideration rather than the hoax that radiative transfer by CO2 and other greenhouse gases.)

So, we have LWIR (emitted at characteristic wavelengths/frequencies from our CO2 gas molecule) which is directed toward Earth’s surface but the W/m2 of this LWIR has been significantly diminished by more than 50%, meanwhile still continuously upwelling from the surface is a broad spectrum LWIR field of much higher LWIR W/m2 containing the same wavelengths/frequencies of LWIR which were only a moment before absorbed into the vibration bands of our CO2 gas molecule.  When these two fields collide, i.e., a high wattage continuously upwelling LWIR field from Earth’s surface intersects with a one wavelength pulse into a steradian solid sphere of very low W/m2 but at the same wavelength/frequency what happens?  The result must be consistent with the second law of thermodynamics states which states that heat cannot spontaneously flow from a colder body to a hotter one.  Radiation from our CO2 gas molecule cannot heat the Earth’s surface from which that radiation came a moment before. 

Holding a mirror at a campfire to reflect heat of the fire back to the fire does not increase the temperature of the campfire; if we could do that, then we would build perpetual energy machines.

The next frequency range after Far Infrared (FIR) is the Terahertz (THz) gap, also known as the Submillimeter band. This range extends from approximately 0.1 to 10 terahertz frequency, or 0.03 to 3 millimeters wavelength. It’s a relatively unexplored region of the electromagnetic spectrum between the microwave and infrared regions.  (By comparison, Earth’s emission in the LWIR range is approximately 390 watts per square meter (W/m²).  If I recall, John Clauser calculates absorption of LWIR by CO2 gas at 2 W/m2, which will also be the average emission W/m2 after which the W/m2 isreduced to nilas described above.)   FIR radiation is not a significant contributor to warming Earth’s surface; it is largely transmitted through the atmosphere and not significantly absorbed by “greenhouse” gases since those characteristic intramolecular vibrational modes do not exist.  Incoming solar THz or Submillimeter band radiation is not a significant contributor to warming.  Incoming solar THz or Submillimeter band radiation is mostly absorbed by atmospheric gases, particularly water vapor and CO2, in the troposphere. This absorption occurs due to the resonant frequencies of these molecules, which match the frequencies of THz radiation.  In the THz range (0.3 THz to 3 THz), the atmosphere is opaque, and most of the incoming solar energy is attenuated within a few meters at the top of the troposphere; this absorption converts the radiation into heat energy but at the top of the troposphere, and looking at the full spectrum of solar radiation received at the top of that atmosphere, note the W/m2 received at the THz- Submillimeter end of the spectrum is minimal.  Farther out the spectrum, Earth’s microwave emission is approximately 20 W/m², but this is a result of the Earth’s temperature, not a cause of it.

In summary, LWIR emitted from Earth’s surface is the primary infrared range responsible for warming Earth’s atmosphere, but not Earth’s surface, but the W/m2 of warming of atmosphere is near zero, since, as described above.  Radiative transfer from so-called “greenhouse”gases toward Earth’s surface is reduced to nil, and then further reduced by the progressively increasing optical thickness (opacity) due to increasing density of atmosphere to LWIR as the LWIR approaches the surface.  FIR, THz, and microwaves play a negligible role in warming at the surface. 

A one wavelength/short pulse of low wattage LWIR from our CO2 molecule does not increase the temperature of Earth’s surface due to the continuous LWIR emission upwelling (hotter) surface. However, it is important to point out that the LWIR energy is not destroyed.  It is transformed.  The LWIR pulse’s W/m2 is distributed over a large steradian solid angle.  The LWIR emission pulse is stretched, spread over a time longer duration (i.e., lower frequency).  Its wavelength is lengthened, and its frequency is reduced simultaneously.  The steradian solid angle of incidence with the surface decreases from 90 degrees normal (i.e., perpendicular) between the molecule and the surface to 70 degree, to 45 degree to 30 degree angle and so forth.  Only at the 90-degree perpendicular between our CO2 molecule and Earth’s surface are the wavelength/frequency the same as absorbed and emitted by our CO2 molecule.  LWIR (i.e., heat) emitted from the surface cannot be increased by absorbance of surface-directed LWIR radiative emission from greenhouse gases.  That would defy the 2nd law of thermodynamics.

The radiation transfer theory is false with regard to the so-called “greenhouse” warming effect in the atmosphere. 

Aloha,

Bud Bromley

  1. FTIR is a powerful analytical instrumentation and software technique that converts the time-domain interferogram into a frequency-domain spectrum, enabling rapid, high-resolution, and sensitive measurements of molecular absorption and emission characteristics.  It enables measurement of the exact frequencies/wavelengths and amplitudes of each of the various vibrational modes of a gas molecule when the molecule interacts with infrared light fields.  Some molecules, e.g. Argon gas, do not have vibrational modes.  Some molecules have multiple different vibration modes, or dipole moments, e.g. CO2 which has 4 characteristic vibration patterns between its atoms, each with its characteristic absorption and emission.  You can view a moving image of these modes here:  https://www.chem.purdue.edu/jmol/vibs/co2.html
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The state versus YOU

by @Rothmus on X/Twitter

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